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Erschienen in: Der Hautarzt 2/2016

01.02.2016 | Leitthema

Epidermale Alternsprozesse und Anti-Aging-Strategien

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. J. Wohlrab, K. Hilpert, L. Wolff

Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie | Ausgabe 2/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Epitheliale Seneszenz ist ein komplexer Vorgang, der durch intrinsische und extrinsische (z. B. UV-/IR-Licht, Tabakrauch) Faktoren bedingt wird und im Kontext mit Alternsvorgängen insbesondere des Koriums und der Subkutis gesehen werden muss. Offensichtlich sind morphologische Veränderungen in Form von epithelialer Atrophie, Strukturänderungen der Basalmembran sowie Abnahme der Anzahl von Melanozyten und Langerhans-Zellen. Als Zeichen der zellulären Seneszenz gelten eine reduzierte proliferative Aktivität von Keratinozyten, eine Kumulation von keratinozytären Dysplasien, diverse Mutationen (z. B. c-Fos/c-Jun, STAT3, FoxO1) sowie multiple metabolische Aberrationen (z. B. Lipidmetabolismus, Bildung von „advanced glycation endproducts“, Aminosäurestoffwechsel). Daraus resultieren funktionelle Veränderungen, die insbesondere die physikalische (Lipiddefizit, Wasserverteilungsstörung, Mangel an hygroskopischen Substanzen), chemische (pH-Verhältnisse, Sauerstoffradikale) und immunologische Barriere betreffen. Zur Prophylaxe werden v. a. barriereprotektive Pflegepräparate, antioxidative Wirksubstanzen (z. B. Vitamin C, B3, E, Polyphenole, Flavonoide), Sonnenschutzmittel/-strategien bzw. Retinoide eingesetzt. Zur Korrektur von Veränderungen der gealterten Epidermis kommen chemische Peelingstrategien (z. B. Fruchtsäuren, β-Lipohydroxysäure, Trichloressigsäure, Phenolverbindungen) bzw. nichtablative [„intensed pulsed light“ (IPL), „pulsed dye laser“ (PDL), Nd:YAG] und ablative (CO2, Erbium-YAG) lichtgestützte Verfahren zum Einsatz.
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Metadaten
Titel
Epidermale Alternsprozesse und Anti-Aging-Strategien
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. J. Wohlrab
K. Hilpert
L. Wolff
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Dermatologie / Ausgabe 2/2016
Print ISSN: 2731-7005
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7013
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-015-3734-6

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